Testing hypotheses about proportions

7 important questions on Testing hypotheses about proportions

When will we naturally think about using the standard deviation as a ruler?

Whenever we ask about the size of a statistical difference.

What is meant by Hyposthesis n?

A supproposition; a proposition or principle which is supposed or taken for granted, in order to draw a conclusion or inference for proof of the point in question; something not proved, bus assumed for the purpose of argument.

What do you have to judge in a hypothesis test?

Whether the probability of observing your data is small enough to constitute 'reasonable doubt'.
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What is a fundamental stap in reasoning about reasonable doubt?

The question: Are the data surprising, given the null hypothesis?

What does the worth of a P-value tell you?

When the P-value is high, we haven't seen anything unlikely or surprising at all. When the P-value is low enough, it says that it's very unlikely we'd observe data like these if our null hypothesis were true. 

What do you have to do when data are not particular unlikely under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true?

Fail to reject the null hypothesis. 

Which factors are important in translating a p-value?

-Context 
-The importance of the issue being tested. 

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