Functional Strategies

9 important questions on Functional Strategies

The functional concerns of an organization:

1. Product strategies:
  • Design
  • Production - Operations
  • Marketing.

2. People strategies:
  • HR.     

3. Support Process Strategies:
  • Information systems
  • Financial - Accounting systems.   

Managing the 2 "C"s

  • Customers
  • Competitors.

Strategic choices involve decisions about:

Target market, differentiation, positioning, marketing mix (commonly known as the 4Ps: product, pricing, promotion and place), and gathering market insights.
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High-performance work practices:

Are ones that lead to both high individual and high organizational performance. These types of HR practices can improve the knowledge, skills, and abilities of an organization’s current and potential employees, increase their motivation, reduce loafing on the job, and help retain quality employees while encouraging nonperformers to leave the organization.

The key to strategic management, the challenge is getting and keeping competitive advantage:

o It is about doing something others cannot or doing it better (distinctive capability).
o Or the organization has something others do not (unique resource).

What is an appropriate competitive strategy according to Porter?

? It’s one based on an organization’s competitive advantage, which Porter says can come from only one of two sources: having the lowest costs in the industry or possessing significant and desirable differences from competitors.  Another important strategic factor is the scope of the product market in which the organization wishes to compete— that is, broad (competing in all or most market segments) or narrow (competing in only one segment or a few segments). The mix of these factors provides the basis for his generic competitive strategies—cost leadership, differentiation, and focus.

Generic Competitive Strategies:

Firms seek a competitive advantage either by offering:
1. products or services that are different from those of competitors and those differences are valued by customers.
2.  products/ services that are standard, but produced at lower cost, or
3.  a combination of the first two options, a hybrid competitive strategy called “best cost”. 

Sustainable Competitive Advantage – The need to grow the business:
Origin of competitive advantage:

· People
· Organization
· Technology.

Sustainability of competitive advantage: Time:

Product
Manufacturing
Organizational processes
People driven processes.

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