Word and Sentence Meaning
15 important questions on Word and Sentence Meaning
Semantic features and decomposition
Problems with semantic features
- Vagueness
- Of features (ostriches can fly a little bit)
- Of categories: is a bat not rather like a bird
Problems with semantic network
A sparrow is a bird is verified faster than An ostrich is a bird
A bat is an animal is verified faster than A bat is a mammal
Representation of abstract concepts
- Higher grades + faster learning
- Never study anything twice
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
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Types or utterances: Representative
Types or utterances: Directive
Types or utterances: Commissive
Types or utterances: Expressive
Types or utterances: Declarative
Sense of reference of assertions
Propositions vs. Embodied representation
- Experiment 1: decide if the picture matches the sentence or not --> slower responses to pictures when they mismatched preceding sentences.
- Experiment 2: name the object in the picture --> slower naming responses to picture after a mismatching preceding sentence.
Understanding text (CI model)
Coherence graph (CI model)
Theories on inference: Minimalism
- Readers/listeners restrict themselves to information in the text
- Only inferences on the basis of locally present or easily available information are made
- Forward inferences are not automatically made
Theories on inference: Constructionism
- Readers/listeners try to develop a coherent representation of the text
- Inferences are made when information is missing that is necessary for coherence
- Forward inferences are made when they are very predictable or important to the goal of the reader
Syntactic information (pronomina)
- M / M : John beats Pete because he is in shape
- M / F : John beats Petra because he is in shape
The results indicate that gender information is used directly
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
- A unique study and practice tool
- Never study anything twice again
- Get the grades you hope for
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
