International & technical communication
17 important questions on International & technical communication
What are the three aspects of localization / globalization?
- Cultural customization
- Content localization
- Translation
What are the aspects of translation?
- Enormous volume translation work
- Rise of machine translation
- Attention to the source text
What are the potential aspects of cultural customization?
- Higher grades + faster learning
- Never study anything twice
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
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What are the pro's and con's of the emic vs. etic view on culture?
- Pro: Aimed at understanding, explaining
- Cons: No comparison, risk of being too close
Etic: Observing a culture as an outsider, comparing it to other cultures
- Pro: Aimed at comparing, differentiating
- Cons: Superficial, no real understanding or explanation
What are the pro's and con's of the static vs. dynamic view on culture?
- Static = Highlighting the stability and generalizability of culture, focusing on differences between cultures
- Dynamic = Highlighting the changing nature of culture, focusing on diversity within a culture
How can the emic/dynamic approach be described?
How can the emic/static approach be described?
How can the etic/static approach be described?
Power distance
Individualism versus Collectivism (IDV)
Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI)
Masculinity versus Feminity (MAS)
Long-Term versus Short-Term Orientation (LTO)
What is the difference between a high and low context culture?
Low context: Meaning derived from the verbal message itself (not the context), explicit, and often direct.
What is the difference between bottom-up and top-down research?
- Bottom-up: Analyzing differences, and trying to make sense of them
- Top-down: Using existing typologies and applying them to the context of technical communication
How do Li, De Jong, & Karreman and Barnum & Li differ in their research type?
What did Barnum & Li found about page design, headings and way of thinking?
- Page design less important in China than in USA
- Headings less frequent in China than in USA
- Preference for synthetic over analytical thinking patterns§
What do Chinese people prefer on inductive and deductive order?
What are the complications with cultural differences at technical communication?
- Difference can also be a preference
- Differences value-based, or based on the outer layers of the onion?
What is the difference between XINGHE vs YIHE?
Yihe: connect segements by meanings
What are the influences of Xinghe vs. Yihe on instruction design?
- Fewer structure elements in Chinese documents (Barnum & Li, 2006)
- Headings less common in Chinese documents (Barnum & Li, 2006)
- Lack of topic sentences in Chinese documents (Barnum & Li, 2006)
- Less finely and detailed structure in Chinese documents
What is the difference on order of information in technical documents?
- Chinese: worship the nature and would like to follow the natural process of how things happen.
- Western people: task-oriented
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
- A unique study and practice tool
- Never study anything twice again
- Get the grades you hope for
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
