Effective communicaiton
3 important questions on Effective communicaiton
6 elements in the layout of arguments - Toulmin
-claim: a statement that you are asking someone to pay attention to
-Grounds: data, observations and other evidence on which you base your statement
-warrants: the (often implicit) statement that bridge grounds and claim, can appeal to emotion
-backing: statements that support the authority of warrants.
-qualifiers: indicate of the strength of the argument, or express concern about whether a claim should be accepted
-Rebuttals: counter-arguments that indicate when a claim doesn’t hold true
-Grounds: data, observations and other evidence on which you base your statement
-warrants: the (often implicit) statement that bridge grounds and claim, can appeal to emotion
-backing: statements that support the authority of warrants.
-qualifiers: indicate of the strength of the argument, or express concern about whether a claim should be accepted
-Rebuttals: counter-arguments that indicate when a claim doesn’t hold true
Effective communication of policy advice
-Focus on the audience – e.g. what is their background and prior knowledge
-Communicate with a purpose
-Write for the ear, not for the eye – write how you would say it
-Use the active rather than the passive voice
-Provide your most important information first
-Communicate with a purpose
-Write for the ear, not for the eye – write how you would say it
-Use the active rather than the passive voice
-Provide your most important information first
7C’s to review how adequately persuasive arguments are presented
-Clear: policy advice is in plain English, without difficulties and ambiguities.
-Concise: as long as it needs to be and as short as it can be
-Concrete: policy advice prompts decisions and actions
-complete: policy advice contains a complete package of coherent information and arguments.
-Consistent: policy advice must ensure that we develop and implement work programs in a strategic, planned way
-Coherent: The policy advice hangs together
-Compelling: policy advice turns evidence, emotions and values into a coherent set of arguments that persuade and inspire.
-Concise: as long as it needs to be and as short as it can be
-Concrete: policy advice prompts decisions and actions
-complete: policy advice contains a complete package of coherent information and arguments.
-Consistent: policy advice must ensure that we develop and implement work programs in a strategic, planned way
-Coherent: The policy advice hangs together
-Compelling: policy advice turns evidence, emotions and values into a coherent set of arguments that persuade and inspire.
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