Nicotine alcohol

17 important questions on Nicotine alcohol

What is the relation of drinking age and addiction?

The older people are when they start drinking the smaller the chance they will become addicts

Is it true that alcohol binds to lipid membranes?

Yes but most alcohol is not bound by fat.

What happens to someone who is fatter when they drink?

When one is fatter there is less free space for alcohol so concentration is higher
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What is the influence of alcohol on the GABA receptors?

Keeps the GABA-R longer open so normal inhibition is strengthened, with chronic alcohol use desensitizes the GABA-R

What is the influence of alcohol on the NMDA receptors?

Inhibits the function by acting as a pore blocker

Which brain regions age last?

Higher order association brain regions

When does the function of a brain area starts?

When synaptic communication is ready

What happens in rodents and postnatal alcohol effects?

Less complex dendritic tree in PFC, immature spines

Which brain areas are involved in alcohol and its effects?

PFC
Hippocampus
Amygdala
NAc

What was found in adolescents with excessive alcohol abuse?

Smaller hippocampus 10-35%

Is there cell loss in acute alcohol?

Probably not, but probably less contacts

What is the influence of alcohol on the SVZ?

Effects on proliferation and maturation
Specific effect on neuronal degradation

What are the main neuronal events in adolescent brain development?

Myelination of axons
Synaptic pruning
Strengthening of synapses

What are the influences on nicotine and adolescency?

Impairs accuracy and increases impulsive action however leaves behaviour and learning intact

The expression of which receptor is decreased after long nicotine expression?

Metabotropic glutamate receptor mGlur2, its function also decreases when it is activated

Which of these changes can be rescued?

Accuracy but not impulsivity

What are the long term consequences of nicotine exposure in adolescence?

Impaired cognitive performance
Decreased mglur2 synaptic expression in mPFC
Decreased mglur2 dependent signaling in the mPFC

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