Alzheimer disease

8 important questions on Alzheimer disease

What are neurodegenerative diseaes

Any neurological disease that is marked by the progressive loss of specific populations of neurons

What are most ndd's associated with?

Ectracellular protein aggregations in the brain

What are the cognitive impairments in Alzheimers?

Loss of memory decreased attention and motivation
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What is the life expectancy after diagnosis of AD?

5 years

What is the ad neuropathology?

Atrophy of subcortical brain regions
Enlargement of cerebral ventricles and brain sulci
30-40% reduction in brain weight
Plaques
Tangles

Which neurons eventually die in AD?

Cholinergic neurons in septum and nucleus basalis of meyndert(impairment memory consolidation)
Glutamergic pyramidal cells in cortext-> cognitive deficits
Noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons

Why are plaques thought to be not so problematic?

They might have a protective function, since prevention of plaques will cause inflammation and the stages leading to plaques are toxic

What can be concluded from mice experiments?

Even though to show memory impairments there are no plaques, however they do show molecular mechanisms underlying hippocampal synaptic dysfunction and increased extracellular matrix proteins

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