Tracking urban resource-use to global systems
13 important questions on Tracking urban resource-use to global systems
What are the major clashes in the area of the binckhorst considering circularity?
How do we get the Abiotic resources?
tons are waste for extracting the raw matials and also toxic materials run-off via river to ocean.
What are the aspects relating to Mining?
- Expensive process
- Energy
- Health; issues with the place where the mining takes place.
- social issues; a lot of resources both are important for nature and ecosystems and social tensions while using these materials.
- things (regularly) go wrong of environmental impacts of mining
- waste materials is just collected in one place which has consequences for the natural environment/ ecosystem.
- Higher grades + faster learning
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What are environmental concerns for this trails?
- Acid drainage from coal and sulfide minerals mining
- Dust from extranction and transport
- deforestation & mercury releases gold mining
What are the repercussions in the social context of mining?
- Water competition
- land competition
- environmental pollution
- cultural heritage
- economic volatility
- competition for infrastructure and products
- corruption
- political polarization
- labor/working conditions
- violence
Is there an alternative to digging holes?
How do we get the Biotic materials?
- Pumping from the earth's crust
- Off-shore oil platform
- Nodding donkeys
- Scraping it from the ground
- Brown coal mining in Germany
- Harvest them
- crops
- sugarcane
- Catching it
- fish
- aquaculture: farming of fishes
- captured fisheries
- Pumping it
- water; old water and drinkable water.
What are broader societal factors?
- Attitudes to environment/ sustainability/ equity and world views
- lifestyles (including diets)
- societal tension and conflict levels
What are the Rare earths (REE)?
Scandium and Yttrium are considered rare-earth elements because they tend to occur the same ore deposits as the lanthanides and exhibit similar chemical properties.
How do we assess criticality?
- a reform of Wall Street and a Consumer protection act
- The act requires U.S. Minerals-consuming industries to trace and publicly report any imports derived from the designated region.
- the Dodd-Frank act designated the DRC and adjoining countries as sources of conflict minerals.
- lot of pressures from public opinion to reduce the number of materials from those regions to the U.S.
What is the EU list of critical materials?
THis is measure by:
- economic importance
- supply risk
What is the Yale method?
Vulnerability to supply restriction.
Environmental impacts
The methods consider life cycle impacts on:
- Human health
- ecosystem health
What are other aspects of criticality?
contribution of recycling.
McKelvey diagram; for REE
Co-occurence
a lot of materials are co-mined.
political dimension
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