Purpose and Design of research projects

13 important questions on Purpose and Design of research projects

What is a Cross-sectional study?

With a cross-sectional study the researcher observes different groups and compares those at one time.

What is a longitudinal study?

An observational research method in which data is gathered for the same subjects repeatedly over a period of time

What is an interrupted time series design?

The purpose is that researchers can examine the effect of an intervention.
There are observations before and after the intervention.
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What is a double-blind study?

A double-blind study is a study in which neither the participants nor the experimenters know who is receiving a treatment.

What does internal invalidity means?

Internal invalidity means that something other than the stimulus produced the observed change in the dependent variable.

What does external validity means?

External validity is the validity of applying the conclusions of a scientific study outside the context of that study. In other words, it is the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to and across other situations, people, stimuli, and times.

Research question: What is the effect of economic growth on the amount of attention paid to crime in newspapers?
What type of research question is this?

Explanatory research question

A researcher seesthat the score of onechild on a test thatmeasures the reading ability is threetimes as high as the score of anotherchild on the same test.
What is the level of measurement of the variable?

Ratio

A researcher is comparing articles in a newspaper, she describes length, position and several aspects of the content and stores all data in a data matrix. Where can the ‘articles’ be found?

In the rows of the data matrix

A new test measuring someone’s knowledge about all aspects of psychology, only measures someone’s knowledge about social psychology. The instrument lacks … 

Content validity

In the hypothesis “The longer children are using an iPad a day, the more likely they are to have eye-sight problems later in life.” What is the “average time using the iPad a day” in this hypothesis?

The independent variable

A researcher wants toexaminetheamount of violence in cartoons in newspaperswith content analysis.
What are the units of analysis in this research?

Cartoons in newspapers

A researcher thinksthattherelationshipbetweentheamount of bodyhairandaggressivebehavior in malescanbefullyexplainedbythe testosteron level of a male.
What kind of variable is ‘testosteron level’ in thistheory?

A confounding variable

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