The Impact of Alexander II's reforms

8 important questions on The Impact of Alexander II's reforms

According to Watts what did Alexander's II reforms fail to create?

Popular support for the Tsarist regime.

What is an example of Alexander II trying to create support through liberal policies but those policies failing and him returning to repression?

Poland:
  1. 1862: Alexander granted Poland limited autonomy
  2. 1863: the Poles were traditionally hostile to the Russian Empire and they rebelled
  3. Polish revolt was countered with repression; which was orthodox policy of the Tsarist autocracy

When did a student make an attempt on Alexander II's life?

1866: Karakazov, former student of the University of Kazan, fired a pistol at the Tsar
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What was the impact of the attempt on Tsar Alexander II's life on liberal educational policies in Russia?

The unsuccessful attempt on Alexander's life resulted in the replacement of Golovnin, the Minister of Education by the conservative Dimitry Tolstoy, who acted to restrict access to university education

What was Russian intellectuals interpretation of Alexander's reforms?

An attempt to perpetuate the existing Tsarist political system.

Who is a historian who has expressed the majority view that Alexander's II reforms came less from humanitarian aims but a desire to perpetuate the existing Tsarist political system?

Florinsky:
The reforms were nothing more than 'halfhearted concessions on the part of those who (with some exceptions) hated to see the disappearance of the old order and tried to save as much of it as circumstances would allow."

What was the reaction of the Russian intelligentsia to Alexander II's 'halfhearted' reforms?

  1. 1874: At first, it was the Populist 'going to the people'
  2. However, when this failed propaganda gave way to terrorism, culminating in Alexander II's assassination in 1881

What was the significance of Popularism in Russia?

  1. Made a start in developing the political consciousness of the people
  2. Terrorist actions inspired later insurrectionists (is what implying that Popularism in this time laid the path for the later Russian revolution?)
  3. For example, the Social Revolutionaries, descendants of Popularism, were the most important insurgent group at the turn of the century

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