Summary: Theoretical Psychology

Read the summary and the most important questions on Theoretical psychology

• 1 thema 1; van phrenology tot wetenschappelijke theorie

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• Waar richtte Oliver Sacks zich op

  Schreef over face blindness in zijn boek ''the man who mistook his wife for a hat''

• Welk onderscheid maakte Olivier Sacks tussen what en who

  - Patient kon niet langer onderscheid maken tussen gezichten en objecten à face perception module beschadigd. ( what)
  
  
  - Sacks zelf kon gezichten en objecten wel onderscheiden, maar kon een persoon niet identificeren bij zijn gezicht. à connectie tussen face perception module en de centrale systemen beschadigd (who) 

• Welke visie had John Anderson

  centrale verwerking bevat retrieval van kennis van declaratief geheugen (knowing that, in de vorm van gestructureerde symbolische representaties) door het toepassen van kennis uit procedureel geheugen (knowing how, in de vorm van if-then rules) gedreven door doelen uit het werkgeheugen. 

• Welk boek heeft John Anderson gekregen

  The Architecture of Cognition > theorie over centrale systemen geimplemteerd in computer programma's

• 2 thema 2

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• When did scientific psychology officially began

  With the founding of Wundt laboratory in Leipzig in 1879.

• Wundt made a distinction between experimental and non-experimental scientific approaches

  Experimental approach; based on introspection and measurement of reaction time was suitable for simple, elementary mental processes. 
  
  non experimental: using comperative research and logical analysis was suitable for research on products on the mind such as language and culture.

• Difference between simple and complex apperceptive

  Simple: relating/ comparing 
  complex: synthesis and analysis (involved in tasks requiring intelligence)

• Why did Wundt and his student James Cattell debate on the role of attention in mental processing

  Wundt
  Wundt believed that apperception prolonged progressing. Large number of trials = most reactions are reflexive manner (fast)
  each item carefully = reaction time will increase  > apperceptive ressponse (slower)
  
  James disagreed, he concluded that apperception does not always prolong processing.

• Where was Herman Ebbinghaus interested in

  - in the association theory of memory. Came up with an idea to study memory associations and forming and forgetting associations
  - mathematically tried to gasp memory processes
  - inspired by the work of Weber and Fechner

• What is the forgetting curve (hermann ebbinghaus)

  - took a look at how often he had used himself as a subject to re-learn nonsense syllables over different periods of times
  - most forgetting occurs in the first hour after learning and then decreases --> forgetting has a logarithmic curve