Totalitarian and authoritarian systems

5 important questions on Totalitarian and authoritarian systems

What is the difference between totalitarian and authoritarian systems?

Totalitarian:

- ideology
- strong single party
- use of terror
- monopoly of communication
- planned economy
- permanent revolution
- total politicization of society

authoritarian:
- limited political pluralism
- distinctive mentality
-demobilization
- ill-defined limits, but predictable

Why is mentality a better way to characterize a party in an authoritarian system than an ideology?

Mentality is about preserving society. An ideology is about transforming society and brings about mobilization, which is not useful for an authoritarian system

What are key findings in their study?

Broad conservative cultural orientation is more open to authoritarian actions in society. Both on the left and right there are people who have democratic attitudes. Autocratic attitudes on the individual level
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What is democratic ambivalence?

Public opinion about democracy has become scrutinized due to populist leaders. It is the co-existence of contradictory attitudes of citizens within democracy. It is something that is within democracy

What are her conclusions about democratic ambivalence and the consequences for democracy?

We have to look at lived experience
Democracy itself is about ambivalence
Individuals who are ambivalent are not per se anti-demorcatic

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