Solutions – fundamentals - The Gibbs-Duhem relation
4 important questions on Solutions – fundamentals - The Gibbs-Duhem relation
What does the Gibbs-Duhem relation show?
What does the Gibbs-Duhem relation become when the temperature and the pressure are constant?
for a binary mixture this means:
From Gibbs-Duhem how is the constraint on the composition variation of the chemical potential derived?
From:
Considering the normalization of
, and dividing by N the constraint becomes:
for ideal solutions.
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From Gibbs-Duhem what is the constraint on the composition variation of the chemical potential for a non-ideal solution?
Where 
is the activity coefficient.
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