Representation in the polder

8 important questions on Representation in the polder

What is described as one of the most important characteristics of Dutch politics? (By I&L as the single most)

The fact that the NL is a country of minorities

What were the five groups that dominated the 20th century?

Catholics (KVP), Gereformeerd (APR), Dutch Reformed (CHU), Lower class (PvdA) and middle class (VVD)

What was Pitkins understanding of political representation?

Substantive acting for others
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What were the three critics of Saward in his article of 2006 on Pitkin?

A unidirectional account of representation => there is no acceptance
Reductionist view of the representatives => politicians merely transfer information to the represented
Ignores symbolic/aesthetic aspects => Saward sees it as a creative process

Why is representation not substantive acting for others?

Groups aren't homogenous and therefore new parties can emerge => there is a dynamic relationship between voters and representatives.

How did the multicultural society influence the concept of representation?

Like Hirshi Ali and Lale Gül show that people with migration backgrounds shouldn't be seen automatically as part of that group!

What is Sawards notion of representation?

A performative act: “A maker of representations (M) puts forward a subject (S) which stands for an object (O) which is related to a referent (R) and is offered to an audience (A)”

How does the notion of Saward on representation widen the idea?

Art, instagrammers, journalists, photographers, Gretha Turnberg, newspapers are also representatives!

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

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