Summary: Transfer Of Energy In Heating
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1 Transfer of energy in heating
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What is infrared radiation?
Heat radiation from all objects, part of the electromagnetic spectrum, it is both emitted and absorbed -
What factors affect infrared radiation?
The temperature of an object and the nature of the surface -
What object will emit the most infrared radiation?
A matt black object -
Will a hot or cold object emit infrared radiation faster?
A hot object -
When do particles vibrate?
Constantly -
Describe the particle arrangement of liquids
The bonds are not as strong as in a solid, the particles can move past each other, they can flow and cannot be compressed -
How does conduction transfer heat?
When particles are given more energy they vibrate more, causing more collisions. This causes an energy transfer and the particles next to them to vibrate more as well. -
Why are metals such good conductors?
They have free electrons that can move through the material, causing more collisions and therefore more conduction. -
How does convection work?
Some particles are given more energy, causing them to vibrate more, spread out, and become less dense. This causes them to rise and push the cooler air around and down. The cooler particles gain more energy and rise while the particles with more energy lose this energy and sink. This is a continuous process causing convection currents -
How does evaporation work?
Particles in a liquid with low energy stay as a liquid. Particles with medium energy don't quite have enough energy to break their bonds and 'escape', but particles with high energy are able to break their bonds and 'escape' the liquid, forming a gas. This causes the remaining liquid to become cooler as there is less energy
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