Aquatic ecosystems - The aquatic ecosystem
14 important questions on Aquatic ecosystems - The aquatic ecosystem
What are the main compartments in an aquatic ecosystem?
-pelagic zone: deeper open water part
-benthic zone: sediment and directly surrounding water layer
What are phytoplankton or planktonic algea?
What are the main types of algae in an aquatic ecosystem?
-periphytic algae: periphyton, biofilm, epiphyton
-filamentous algae: long green threads, form flab (floating algae beds) when they capture gas bubbles.
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What are the main types of macrophytes in an aquatic ecosystem?
-submergent species (growing under water). Helophytes (plants growing in marshes) are partly submerged.
-floating species: duckweed
What are the main types of macro-invertebrates in an aquatic ecosystem?
-shredders: turn rough material into fine pieces
-collectors: filterers and gatherers consume fine organic pieces
-scrapers/grazers: graze organic material from stones, bed, plants
-predators: carnivores eating other invvertebrates
when living on or in the sediment: benthic invertebrates.
What are periphytic algae?
What are different quality indicators in water systems?
- Water quality assessment system for the european water framework directive (EWF): based on the presence of aquatic invertebrates.
-use of phytoplankton or zooplankton composition as reference for organic pollution
Where do bacteria and fungi mostly live in aquatic systems?
What are filamentous algae?
What are macrophytes of aquatic plants?
What are four adaptions of water plants?
-plant cuticle (thin protecting film) is missing to have higher gas exchange
-epidermal (outside) cells contain chlorophyll to increase light absorption
-stomata (openings) are missing
What are the 2 mentioned forms of microfauna in aquatic ecosystem?
-zooplankton: transfer organic material to higher trophic levels. Primarily found in surface waters, feed on bacteria, phytoplankton, zooplankton, detritus.
Which 3 aspects determine the structure and fuctioning of a biological community?
- competition
- food web
What are bentic invertebrates?
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