Summary: Week 1: The Mechanisms Underlying Talent Development & Creativity: A Historical Overview

Read the summary and the most important questions on Week 1: The mechanisms underlying talent development & creativity: a historical overview

• 1 Kaufman - The complexitiy of Greatness: beyond talent or practice

• 1.1 Preface (Kaufman)

• What are the origins of greatness?According to ancient times and Kant.

  Ancient times: Something spiritual, The 'divine' geniuses possessed talent by nature
  
  Kant: 'Genius must be born, and never can be taught'

• Reynolds argues that there is an opportunity to develop.How does someone get as far as someone with natural talent?

  By perseverance and goal setting

• What did the cousin of Darwin argue about greatness?

  Galton argues that greatness is primarily innate

• What evendence did De Candolle find about greatness?

  The importance of environmental factors (Western civilazation)

• What do researchers of cognitive psychology argue greatness is an result of that is in line with the 10-year rule?

  Greatness is a result of a large amount of domain-specific knowledge, acquired through deliberate practice

• What is there to say about the genetic component of greatness?

  Traits like IQ or Interest keep developing and this development is partially determined by the environment.

• 1.2 Chapter 2 Simonton - If Innate Talent Doesn’t Exist, Where Do the Data Disappear?

• "A violinist who never practices will never be a viruoso violinist" displays why nurture matters.State this in a different way. 

  Greatness is a function of a large number of essential environmental factors. If any of these attain the level of zero, greatness will fail to materialize.

• What three advances are there in behavioral genetics since galtons days?

  1. Often genetics accounts for at least 1/3 of the variation 
  2. All types of greatness depend on the inheritance of a broad profile of abilities and traits
  3. In the phenomenon of emergenesis, inheritance is multiplicative rather than additive.

• Name two examples in which nurture could actually be nature operating incognito.

  1. Environment of house of parents. Lot of books is because they score high on openness to experience
  2. Adopted child has more power to shape their environment conform to their genetic make up. 

• 1.3 Chapter 9 Ericsson - Giftedness and Evidence for Reproducibly Superior Performance: An Account Based on the Expert-Performance Framework

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• What is the expert performance approach?

  This approach attempts to capture superior performance by reproducing it with representative tasks in the laboratory in order to identify the mediating mechanisms