Understanding environmental behavior
14 important questions on Understanding environmental behavior
What characterizes the environment as a common good? (6)
- indivisible
- important for everyone
- no one can be excluded
- individual abuse has limited effects
- environmental consequenses is long term and uncertain
If private interest do not match with collective interest -> in general no behavioral change
(personal drivers are short term, collective interest are long term and uncertain)
What is a Social Dilemma?
Choice situation with a conflict between maximizing private interests and collective interests.
When exist a Social Dilemma?
behavior B is more advantage for the group
Only when all members show behavior B, then its more advantage for all members.
Individuals cannot rely on a collective agreement, so they are uncertain.
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Reasons that people choose for themselve? (3)
- Uncertainty (social and environmental)
- Abudance (it seems to be there is a lot bv fish)
What conditions enhance cooperative behavior? (3)
1) Establishing norms
2) Education/information by (linking group -> personal interest)
3) Structural measures
How to establish personal norms?
- possibilities for sanctions/disapproval
- mutual identification (personal interest come closer)
What is the function of education and information?
- giving feedback (efficacy behavior)
- seriousness of the problem
- linking personal behavior-> collective outcome
What are examples of structural measures?
- legislation & rules (bv wegersmalling)
- measures in physical context (bv papier/glas scheiden)
How influence is related to behavior? (3)
- Physical change, legislation, regulation
- Information (beliefs, attitudes, values)
Which three main theories and ideas are there concerning changing environmental behavior?
- theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1975)
- norm activation theory (schwarx, 1977)
What is lacking in the Theory of planned behavior (1) and why (3)?
1- feeling obligate to perform behavior based on internalized values
2- strong predictor for env. behavior
3- derived from altruism, helping behavior
Describe the Norm Activation Theory? (Schwarz, 1977)
Which factors (4) are activators in the Norm Activation Theory? AREA
- responsibility
- effective action
- ability
What means the defense mechanism?
Is the behavior also serve my own interest?
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
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