Urban city issues (Theme )
16 important questions on Urban city issues (Theme )
Which pro's (3) and contra's (3) involve urban life?
- lively, diverse, exiting
- cultural, education, job, medical resources
Contra's:
- polution
- more crimes
- information overloads
Which three important key concepts are typically for urban life?
- Territoriality
- Crowding
What is the new definition of personal space?
- Higher grades + faster learning
- Never study anything twice
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
What are the differences between the old and new definition of personal space (4)?
stable (depends on relaltionship 4x)
It is not personal
It is not just a distance but invisible
It is continuous.
Importance personal space (3)?
- It shows when violated (strong implicit norms)
- There are four zones: intimate (0-45) like husband or childrenen, personal (45-120) like friends, social (120-350) like business, and public (350-700) like lectures.
How do you learn about personal space (2)?
early learned (bv boys>girls, strangers>acquaintances, formal-informal settings, older>younger).
2 - social learning through reinforcement (=cultural determined)
Which theory can be used to declare personal space?
- attraction/information search and
- retaining individuality and freedom.
Balance independence and social relations. Equilibrum is the optimum and multimodal (accounting for stable relationships), like eye contact, distance, conversation topic.
How to apply personal space theory?
Depends on the goal of social interaction.
- sociopetal (orientation towards others) or
- sociafugal (orientation away from others).
What is the definition of key concept Territtoriality?
...on perceived or actual control of a definable physical space,
...involving occupation, defense, personalization and marking
Perceived ownership, control of a certain spot.
Parkingplaces, koningsdag, public garden..., badtowel near swimmingpool
Which territoriality classifications are there?
Secundary (office, lobby, stairway..) bv flexoffices
Public (parkingplace, park, beach)
Application of territoriality knowledge?
- In neighborhoods by increasing ownership and caring for public places bv hondenpoep playground, reduced noise, polution
- In hospitals by increased personalization bv personal items on display > increase well being and faster recovery.
What is the difference between crowding and density?
Effects of crowding in studies?
Later
- confounds (income, education, unemploymentrate)
- animal research -> human have other coping mechanisms
- sociological view: other models to explain city life like urban villages
What involves Knowles proxemics model?
General research model crowding?
Bv train, changing avoiding social environments, filtering
Application of crowding research?
Residences
Prisons (one/two person cells, size relatively unimportant)
Campings (zoning, grouping)
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
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- Never study anything twice again
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