Lofland (1989) - Social life in the public realm

5 important questions on Lofland (1989) - Social life in the public realm

What stated Lofland in his paper about the public realm (4) ?

The public realm is an area were..
- a person is not known
- which is social
- and symbolic
- exclusive for cities, a new development

What are the differences between the Lofland and Milgram concepts?

Milgram stated that urban life is reflexive instead of symbolic
Milgram stated that urban life is determined by overload

What is the main concepts of the public realm (3)?

- civil inattention (attention but not communicating)
- audience prominence
- tolerance (freedom from judgements)
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What are the characteristics of relationships of a public realm? (3)

- fleeting
- role based
- unpersonal but bounded (airplane passengers)

What is the important function of a public realm, comparing to neighborhood or private interactions? (4)

- Intellectual development (through complexity)
- Mental health (freedom of judgements comparing to family, work relations)
- learning of civility (by tolerance/ heterogenity)
- Development political activities

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