Gait assessment of neurological disorders

19 important questions on Gait assessment of neurological disorders

How is cerebral palsy different from stroke or traumatic brain injury?

Happens while the brain is still developing

What is the gross motor function classification system for children?

5 level classification with 1 being the least severe and 5 being the worst.

What is the major problem in cerebral palsy?

Spasticity
Dyskinetic
Ataxia
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What is spasticity in cerebral palsy?

The lack of inhibition of reflexes.

What are the three factors considering bonemisalignment?

1. Growth plates, normal stress facilitates normal growth
2. Remodelling, pressure stimulates bown growth
3. Deformation of cartilage

What is the most commmon form of bone misalignment in cp?

Anteversion of the femur
Contracture of the joint capsule

What are common signs of cp in early childhood?

delayed motor milestones
Spasticity and weakness

What are means of spasticity management?

injection of botulinum toxin
Selective dorsal rhizotomy, surgery to cut away nerves to reduce input
Baclofen to mimic inhibitory neurotransmitter

What is the most common surgery regarding contractures?

Gastrocnemius recession, the tendon linking the muscle to the achilles tendon is cut.

What is typical post-stroke gait?

Slow and asymmetrical

What are a few typical post stroke kinematic features?

Decreased propulsion
Forward flexion trunk
Increased/decreased lateral pelvic.
Poor hip position
Trendelenburg limp caused by weak hip abductors

What are poststroke aids?

Cane
Orthoses
Proper footwear choice

What is an important post stroke measure to improve gait speed as well as intervention target?

knee flexion

What are good intervention methods after a stroke?

Improving flexibility
Strength
Task-specific ambulation devices

What are common gait abnormalities in parkinsons disease?

1. Stride length and speed very much reduced
2. The walking base slightly increases
3. Range of motion in joints decreased by reduction in extension
4. Reduced swinging of the arms
5. The majority of patients rotated the trunk in phase with the pelvis instead of opposite direction
6. Vertical trajectories of the head heel and toe were all reduced

What is muscular dystrophy?

A diagnostic subgrouping of progressive neuromuscular diseases.

What is a very common early clinical presentations of MD?

Walking reluctance
clumsiness
frequent falls
effort to come to stand
absent heelstrike

What are three gait characteristics defined as accurate predictors of DMD?

1, Cadence
2. Dorsiflexion in swing
3. anterior pelvic tilt

What is the key factor influencing compensatory postural adaptations of increased anterior pelvic tilt?

Quadriceps insufficiency

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