Gait analysis in musculoskeletal conditions,prosthetics and orthotics

11 important questions on Gait analysis in musculoskeletal conditions,prosthetics and orthotics

What is a common procedure for in osteoarthritis in the hip?

Total hip replacement

What happens to the spatiotemporal factors after total hip replacement?

Most likely never turn to normal, although studie conclusions differ

What is a very common observation in the kinematics after a hip replacement?

Decreased motion in sagittal plane about the hip due to decreased range of motion to decreased peak hip extension prior to push-off.

Increase in ipsilateral trunk lateral bending has also beenobserved during single limb support
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Why are these kinematics different?

Decrease demand on hip abductors to stabilise pelvis in frontal plane.

What are changes in hip kinetics after hip replacement?

Decreased internal hip extension during loading response

Which part of the knee suffers more from osteoarthritis and why?

The medial compartment far more than the lateral compartment(10:1), due to the mechanics of the knee. During normal gait 60-80& of load acts medial.

Which two surgical approaches are there in knee osteoarthritis?

Total knee arthroplasty
Uni-compartment knee replacement
High tibial osteotomy

These all reduce excessive loading on the medial compartment of the knee by correcting varus deformation.

What is the kinematic effect of total knee replacement?

Reduced range of motion

Which muscles compensate for inadequate ankle function?

The muscles proximal to the site of the amputation must compensate, usually provided by the hip musculature.

Why is there in the knee of an amputee very low joint moments and powers?

By keeping the affected knee in a more extended position, the lever arm between the knee joint and the ground reaction force is relatively short, resulting in small moment and thus powers.

Why are the joint and ankle power profiles the most affected in joint kinematics in amputees?

Because of the limitations of the prosthetic foot-ankle complex, because there is no active plantarflexion and no power from the musculature the ankle moment is substantially reduced.

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