Summary: Wildlife Conservation Genetics
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Read the summary and the most important questions on Wildlife conservation genetics
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1 Introduction
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Due to what do endagered species decline?
- Habitat loss
- Overexploitation
- Introduced species
- Pollution
-> At small populations sizes additionally random factors (demographic, environmental, genetic and catastrophic) increases their risk of extinction -
When is biodiversity maintained?
When extinctions are balanced by the origin of new species (speciation) -
What are the four justifications for maintaining biodiversity?
- Economic value of bio resources
- Ecosystem services
- Aesthetic value
- The rights of living organisms to exist (ethical) -
What are economic values of resources?
All of our food, drugs, natural fiber, rubber, timber etc. -
What is meant by the rights of living organisms to exist?
Our species does not have the right to drive others to extinctions -
Where are the majority of extinctions?
On islands -
What is threatened and what are the levels?
High risk of extinction within a short time frame
- Critically endangered
- Endangered
- Vulnerable
- Lower risk -
What happens when you list a species as endangered?
- This provides scientific foundation for national and international legal protection
- may lead to remedial actions for recovery -
What are two causes of extinction?
Human-associated factors- Habitat loss, introduced psecies, over-exploitation and pollution
- Additional accidental environmental catastrophic, demographic and genetic factors increase the risk of extincion in small populations
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What is enviromental stochasticity?
Random unpredicatble variation in environmental factors, such as rainfall and food supply
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