Evolutionary genetics of natural populations
12 important questions on Evolutionary genetics of natural populations
What is the result of the balance between mutation and selection?
What are important factors in evolutionary changes?
- Mutation: The source of all genetic diversity, but it a weak evolutionary force (mutation rate is very low)
- Migration: Reduces differeces among populations generated by mutation, selection and chance
- Selection: Only force causing evolutionary changes that better adapt populations to their environment
- Chance: Effects in small populations lead to loss of genetic diversity
- Fragmentation: and reduced migration limiting gene flow generate random differentiation among subpopulations derived from the same original source population
What are the patterns of genetics diversity in populations the result of?
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What are silent substitutions?
Why is mitochondrial DNA a valuable tool in studying short-term evolutionary processes?
When is genetic diversity regenerated by mutation?
What happens with the introduction of immigrants?
What is the formule for the change in allele frequency due to migration?
m = migration rate
qm = allele frequency in immigrants
q0 = frequency in the original population
What does the change in allele frequency from one generation to another depends on?
- The differences in frequency between the immigrants and the original population
How do adaptive evolutionary changes occur?
What is the big concern of the 6th extinction?
- Species have to move or adapt
- Humans have been responsible for translocations of species, extinction of food species, inadvertent or deliberate introduction of novel chemicals to the environment
How does selection arise?
- Operates at all stages of the life cycle
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