Summary: Wildlife Ecology And Management

Read the summary and the most important questions on Wildlife Ecology and Management

• 1 Week 1

• 1.1 Importance of biodiversity

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• What is the diversity-stability relationship?

  Species rich communities generally have more stable primary productivity.
  

  • Greater biomass
  • Higher resistance
  • Different effects on resilience

• What is species asynchrony?

  Decreases in the productivity of some species are compensated by increases in the productivity of other species.

• What causes species asynchrony?

  • Interspecific interactions
  • Negative frequency dependence ( -> rare phenotypes are selected -> genetic variance increases)
  • Diverse communities containing a wider range of species’ responses to environmental conditions

• What does determine which is the main treat?

  Context.
  

  • location
  • habitat
  • taxa
  • time 

• What does a species' green score depend on?

  • it’s presence 
  • it’s viability 
  • whether it is performing ecological functions 

  -> in all parts of its range

• Why are species on small islands more vunerable?

  • on small islands species don’t have much area to retreat to or escape from other threats
  • Small islands are also vulnerable to climate change due to e.g. rising water levels.

• 1.2 Overexploitation

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• Why did the bisons go extinct?

  1. Tanning of hides (for shoes, belts)
     
  2. Defeat of the Sioux
  3. Extension of the Northern Pacific Railroad (shooting bisons from the top of the train)

• Why was the national park system developed?

  To respond to the revulsion of the Slaughter on the Plains.

• What are the arguments that hunting lead to the Late Pleistocene megafauna extinctions?

  • No megafauna extinctions during earlier interglacial-glacial transitions 
  • Extreme bias towards large-bodied animals is hard to explain by climatic events

• What are the 2 main hypothesis for humans causing megafauna extinctions?

  1. Co-adaptation hypothesis: lower extinction rates in areas with longer hominin presence
  2. Main hypothesis: development of better hunting techniques