Summary: Wk 7: Protein Metabolism
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2 Overview of protein turnover
This is a preview. There are 3 more flashcards available for chapter 2
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What is protein turnover?
- balance of protein
synthesis and protein degradation Proteins aresynthesized /degraded in accordance to the body’s needs
- balance of protein
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Why the types and level of proteins required change constantly?
body’s needs changeconstantly -
What is the daily protein requirement for high metabolic persons?
need 1.2-1.5g more protein per kg body weight -
What contributes to the overall amino acid pool?
- Cellular protein degradation (catabolism)
- dietary amino acid + body protein
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What are the essential molecules that made up from amino acid pool when undergoes biosynthesis of nitrogen compounds?
- Nucleotides
- hormones
- Carnitine
- Creatine
- Porphyrins
- Nucleotides
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What happens in the stomach (protein digestion)?
Chemical digestionhydrochloric acid +pepsin =gastric juices
mechanical- muscular contractions (
peristalsis )
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What happens in the small intestine (protein digestion)?
Chemical digestion- pancreatic juices (proteases + amylase +lipase)
- bile (made from cholesterol in liver)
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How proteins are being broken down into peptides and amino acids?
Enzymes- proteases
- pepsin (works on any location of polypeptide)
- trypsin
- chymotrypsin
- carboxypeptidase (make amino acids & peptides)
- Aminopeptidase (lining of intestine) (amino acids)
- Dipeptidase (lining of intestine) (amino acids)
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What location do these enzymes work at?
Pepsin: works onany location ofpolypeptide Aminopeptidase: digest proteins from the amino-terminal endCarboxypeptidase: digest proteins from the carboxyl-terminal endendopeptidase : digest proteins in the middle -
Why are some proteins degraded?
- Proteins with vital roles (eg: signalling protein) that must be turned off
- Damaged proteins
- Proteins life span
- Proteins with vital roles (eg: signalling protein) that must be turned off
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