Motivation - Theory and practice Section 1 of

4 important questions on Motivation - Theory and practice Section 1 of

Even Fuhrmann argues other factors came into play

Fuhrmann (2006) argues that money is influential factor at every stage but at the same time argues it is not necessary that money alone can increase motivation of every worker and that there are intangibles (for instance empowerment, recognition and feedback) that are primary motivators for the workers inspiration to perform effectively

Role of Work Attitudes

This model is useful is showing the complexities between attitude and behavior. It shows that job attitudes like job satisfaction are only part of an interactive process, not a direct causation of behaviour.

Need/Content Theories – Overview

  • Individuals motivated by a set of general needs
    • Translated into Intrinsic & extrinsic work motivators
  • Clear overlap in the broad discussion of needs
    • But little clear consensus/ evidence for detail
  • Intrinsic motivators most powerful – ‘higher level’
  • Needs can be achieved via creating ‘good’, well-designed jobs
    • But… recently focus on job design is decreasing?
    • Rise in autonomy in work as new work forms emerge
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Need/Content Theories - Criticisms

  • Little attention to individual differences
    • Are some people just more motivated to work hard whatever they do?
  • Little scope for dynamic interpretation of individual over time/ situations
    • Do our needs change over time? E.g. before/ after children? Before/ after promotion?
  • Little attention to dynamic ‘fit’ between individual & work situation
    • Do all individuals have the same motivation needs? E.g. bankers versus nurses versus lecturers?
  • How does this motivation work in practice?
    • are these theories descriptive or explanatory?

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