Summary: Year 1, Period 2

Read the summary and the most important questions on year 1, period 2

• 16 Toward a New Worldview

• 16.1 Why Europe

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• How did Muslim scholars inherit ancient Greek learning

  With the expansion of Islam into the lands of the Byzantine Empire in the 7th and 8th centuries

• What was highly favorable to advances in learning (Muslim)

  The interaction of peoples and cultures across the vast Muslim world, facilitated by religious tolerance and the common scholarly language of the Arabic

• Name 2 factors that helped with the renewal of learning in western Europe

  The re-establishment of stronger monarchies and the growth of trade in the High Middle Ages

• What movement was crucial for the Scientific Revolution

  Renaissance

• How and when did Europe gain Greek works

  In 1453 with the fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans, because then Christian scholars fled with their texts

• Name 2 factors for the growth of knowledge

  1. European overseas expansion in provided another catalyst for new thought about the natural world
  2. Printing press

• Why could innovations not be easily adopted in Eurasia

  Because political newcomers legitimized their authority through stricter adherence to traditional ways

• Why could individuals in Europe question dominant patterns of thinking

  Authorities could not impose one orthodox set of ideas, because western Europe remained politically fragmented into smaller competitive nations

• 16.2 Scientific thought to 1500

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• What was according to Medieval scholars the path to true knowledge and where lays its proofs

  Philosophy, its proofs consisted of the authority of ancients and their techniques of logical argumentation

• Which questions belonged to natural philosophy

  Questions about the physical nature of the universe and how it functioned